Abstract:
Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous infection that is present worldwide. The disease is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. The infection is caused by the traumatic inoculation of a fungus or a bacterium. This is a comparative laboratory based study, conducted in Department of Pathology Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, in the period between February 2017 to April 2017,to detect the efficiency of different stains in diagnosis of Mycetoma. Fifty biopsies sample from different sites of lesions were collected, from patient with age ranging from 3 years to 80 years, they were prepared and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin, Grocott Methenamine Silver and Periodic Acid Shiff stains. The distribution of subject according to age group were represented as follow 11-20 years (32%) ,1-10 years (4%), 12% were ranged (21-30) years,20% were ranged(31-40), and (8%) were above 51. There were 28 males(56%) and 22 females(44%). The majority of affected population are from the South of Gezira(32%),followed by (28%) from Elmnagel, (16%) East of Gezira , (14%) Wad Medani, and (10%) from Om Elqura. The most efficient dye was silver stain which reveals 43 of cases (86%), Followed by PAS stain(76%) and H&E stain (6%).Silver and PAS stains were sensitive than H&E stain with area under the curve(0.943), H&E :Marked inflammatory response in the epidermis forming granulomas surrounding the mycetoma colonies (fungal balls) formed of tightly paked laminated hyphae dark brown coloured wih inflammatory exudates and cell debris (Madura mycetomatis) PAS: Mycetoma colonies stained dark eosinophilic Silver stain: Mycetoma colonies stain black . The study recommended to use Grocott Methenamine Silver stain in diagnosis of eumycetoma with Haematoxylin and Eosin stain.
